This program uses authentic photos and drawings made on the scene as the backdrop to the story of the initiation of, preparation for, and fighting of the Spanish American War. Walter Millis, military historian and author of "The Martial Spirit; a study of our war with Spain", sketches the events and personalities of the U.S. intervention into Cuba's revolt against Spain, beginning with the mysterious explosion of the battleship "Maine" in Havana Harbor. Mr. Millis highlights the various roles played by Theodore Roosevelt throughout the episode as well as the military strategy of such leaders as Spanish Admiral Pascual Cervera and U.S. Army General William Shafter. He explains how the scope of the war extended to Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines and resulted in the annexation of the Hawaiian Islands.

Lynn Poole opens this program on man's ability to measure with a sample of the first standardized measurement, a cubit, used in building the pyramids. Dr. Allen Astin and his colleagues, from the U. S. National Bureau of Standards (NBS), discuss the four standards of measurement: length/meter, mass/kilogram, time/tropical year, and temperature/six points of Celsius. Dr. Astin also talks about direct measurement with a simple balance vs. indirect measurement with a proving ring or dynamometer. Dr. Robert Huntoon points out that the earth's rotation varies, so to determine the exact time, the NBS uses quartz crystals, or for more accuracy, ammonium atom vibration or a cesium clock operating on the forces within the cesium atom. The new accurate reference for measuring length is the mercury 198 lamp. In temperature standards, Dr. Herbert Broida notes that the Soviet Union is able to accurately measure extreme temperatures, which are important in the space race.

Lynn Poole asks Dr. George Boas, Johns Hopkins professor emeritus of philosophy, a series of questions about the concern that in 1959 scientific problems seem more important than humanistic problems. Dr. Boas responds that there are four reasons for problems becoming obsolete, and he gives examples of each: they are insoluble; peoples' interests change; they arise from assumptions no longer held; and the problems themselves go out of style. When Mr. Poole asks if there are any humanistic problems whose solution would affect the lives of many people, Dr. Boas lists standardized textbooks in education, the trend towards authoritarianism, and the elimination of provincialism. He notes that there is no one right answer in the humanities; every person is his own interpreter. He illustrates this with a passage from the play "Hamlet," Piero della Francesca's painting "Resurrection," and the music of Bach's "St. Matthew Passion."

Lynn Poole opens the program with a brief history of radar. Dr. J.W. Gebhard, research psychologist with the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab (APL), explains that his job is to improve the way men interpret radar pictures on an A-scope. He then demonstrates a PPI (plan position indicator) scope, which uses a bearing dial and cursor to locate a target. Dr. Albert Stone, a physicist with the APL, explains that RADAR is an acronym for "radio detection and ranging," which measures unknown distances accurately. He demonstrates radar's principles and explains how it works, including the radar antenna that indicates direction. A film shows a police radar speed meter in operation. This is doppler radar, measuring only velocity. Other film clips show the use of radar at sea for guiding ships into harbors, air radar for a flight across Lake Erie, and storm forecasting radar. Dr. Gebhard describes ground control approach (GCA) radar including a film of one hour of airplane flights compressed to a few minutes.

In this program the United States Naval Academy gymnastics team performs at the Johns Hopkins University gymnasium. Friedrich Jahn, the father of gymnastics, developed the sport in Germany in 1910. Head gymnastics coach Chet Phillips says that gymnastics requires coordination, form, and grace and that fluidity or elegance, without breaks, is critical. A Naval Academy team member demonstrates a routine on the side horse, the least hazardous of the apparatus. Assistant coach John Rammacher describes the swings, releases and catches, somersaults, and holds required in a routine on the parallel bars, the easiest piece of equipment to start. Members of the gymnastics team demonstrate swings, vaults, and somersaults on the high bar, the most dangerous event, and Mr. Phillips explains the importance of chalking hands to perform well. Tumbling team members demonstrate the variations of somersaults, including roundoffs, required for a routine in this event.

Dr. N. Bryllion Fagin recounts the life of Poe and the circumstances surrounding his death in Baltimore. Poe's obsession with death and the transmigration of souls led him to become a precursor to modern mystery writers. Dr. Fagin analyzes several of Poe's short stories, indicating pattern weaving. Three of Poe's lyrical poems are read in part and analyzed: "The Raven," "The Bells," and "Ulalume." Dr. Fagin also notes Poe's reputation as a literary critic.

With the assistance of sketches, photos, and a reenactment of John Brown's trial and indictment, Dr. C. Vann Woodward, history professor at Johns Hopkins University, describes the details of John Brown's failed slave insurrection of 1859 and sketches in the historical and biographical background. A copy of Brown's "Provisional Constitution and Ordinances" is shown and Brown's famous trial speech is recited. Dr. Woodward concludes with comments on whether the end justified the means.

The program opens with performer Elizabeth Hughes singing the folk song "Lord Randall" with dulcimer accompaniment. Lynn Poole briefly discusses southern Appalachian mountain folk lore and how music records the heritage of the people. Virgil Sturgill describes the origins and characteristics of folk songs such as "Billy Grimes," sung by Ms. Hughes. The ballad "Barbara Allen" can be traced to the mid-1600s in Scotland, with several versions of the tragic fate of the rejected lover evolving over time and continents. Mike Seeger sings one version with a fiddle; Larry Marxer performs another variant with guitar; and Ms. Hughes sings still another with dulcimer. Mr. Sturgill shows the typical instruments played in the Appalachians: melodian or autoharp, dulcimer, banjo, guitar, harmonica, mandolin, whistle, and fiddle, and Seeger plays "Black Mt. Rag" on the latter. The performers sing answering back songs, such as "Billy Boy"; Bible stories, such as "Little Moses"; and songs about local events.

Lynn Poole points out the country's increasing need for engineers, scientists, technicians, and researchers. Dr. John Woodburn, assistant director of the Johns Hopkins masters in teaching program, offers courses to working teachers wanting an advanced degree. He maintains that teachers can interest children in science by exposing them to the phenomena of nature, asking questions, teaching them to notice things around them, and showing them the scientific principles in everyday things. To illustrate, teacher Jacqueline Wolfe performs a simple experiment, and students in her fifth grade class from Woodmore School in Baltimore, MD, observe, hypothesize, test tentative hypotheses, and verbalize final conclusions. Dr. Woodburn suggests that other teaching aids, such as microscopes, telescopes, blocks, and models, also stimulate young minds.

Lynn Poole shows a chart of epochs and notes that man didn't appear until the Pleistocene period. Dr. George Carter, department chair and professor of geography at Johns Hopkins University, discusses the possibility of a land bridge from Siberia to Alaska across the Bering Strait, based on human tools found with mastodon remains. Likewise, zoologist R.G. Gilmore has discovered that animals crisscrossed the Bering Strait between ice periods. In describing the history of the study of pre-history, Dr. Carter names W.H. Holmes and Ales Hrdlicka as men who led the opposition to the previously generally accepted belief in the existence of a glacial age man in America. With Willard F. Libby's 1951 discovery that all living things contain radioactive carbon, remains could be dated, challenging previous beliefs. From evidence such as stone tools, Dr. Carter speculates that man entered America about 40,000 years ago. He creates a timeline based on the degree of skill in making tools, the degree of weathering on tools, and the date of the existence of the lake where the tools were found. Dr. Carter also discusses physical geography and carbon-14 dating of tools along the southern California coast. Using charts and photos, he shows how reading California river valley records also yields data about sea level, climate, and glaciers. In the controversial Texas Street site in San Diego, Dr. Carter claims he has discovered hearths, crude stone tools, and dart points corresponding to the last interglacial period.