Science- coast to coast

Model
Video

Abstract

In this program Lynn Poole asks local alumni of national universities to introduce the scientific research occurring in their alma maters. Dr. Brownlee Corrin, a professor at Goucher College and alumnus of Stanford University, describes the campus and its electron linear accelerator. Photos show Director Edward Ginzton and the operation of this new atom smasher. Alumnus of the University of California, Dr. Richard McQuaid, tells about the university, and photos show Dr. George H. Hart and his research on cattle grazing. Carl Foster, alumnus of Indiana University, lists some of that university's famous scientists. A film documents the work being done there by Dr. Joseph C. Muhler, Dr. Harry G. Day, and Dr. William H. Nebergall on the effects of fluorides on children's teeth. Baltimore Judge Joseph Kolodny describes Boston University, and photos from that institution show staff of the Physical Research Lab demonstrating an aerial camera, which uses glass spherical negatives. Assistant dean and alumnus of New York University Dr. F. K. Teichman describes that school's programs. To research air pollution, NYU's engineering research division has constructed a smoke tunnel to observe the behavior of plant emissions based on stack speed and wind velocity and a wind tunnel to determine how building design affects smoke flume behavior. Current scientific activities at The Johns Hopkins University include diffraction gratings used in a spectroscope, research on cancer, and trace element studies, all of which will be featured on forthcoming programs. In closing, Lynn Poole announces that Brookhaven National Labs opened their cosmotron today.

Don't take your heart for granted

Model
Video

Abstract

The program opens with the TV Guide citation and medal awarded to The Johns Hopkins Science Review, the first university program on the air, for its outstanding educational programming. Mortimer Loewi, Director of the DuMont Network; Kenneth Carter, general station manager of WAAM; and P. Stewart Macaulay, provost of The Johns Hopkins University, express thanks to TV Guide and pay tribute to the scientists who make the shows possible. Dr. John Spence demonstrates heart percussion, developed in 1761 by L. Auenbrugger, to outline the position and shape of the heart, which can now be done by x-ray. Dr. Francis Schwentker uses a model of the heart and a water pump to demonstrate heart activity and uses diagrams of the heart to explain the route of blood circulation, which is also shown on a human model. With the use of the heart model and diagrams, Dr. Schwentker explains the problems caused by congenital heart malformations (and the blue baby operation by Drs. Taussig and Blalock to correct it), rheumatic fever, high blood pressure, and coronary heart disease. He then demonstrates how the heart functions are studied with percussion and x-ray, stethoscope, blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiogram, heart catheters, and angiograms. Finally Dr. Schwentker notes the different ways heart problems are being prevented. An ad at the end of the show encourages viewers to contribute to their local heart fund during Heart Month.

Separating Siamese twins surgically

Model
Video

Abstract

Lynn Poole discusses abnormally conjoined twins and shows a poster of the Biddenden Maids of England and a photo of Chang and Eng Bunker, Siamese twins. Dr. Francis Schwentker of Johns Hopkins Medical School, explains the odds of having twins, triplets, and quadruplets and the heredity factor of twinning. Two pairs of twin nurses at the Johns Hopkins Hospital exemplify the difference between identical and fraternal twins. Using charts, Dr. Schwentker explains how conjoined twins occur when the germplasm fails to cleave, and he shows examples of posterior, anterior, lateral, and cranial connections. Dr. A. Earl Walker, Director of Surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital, describes the December 17, 1952 surgical separation of the Brodie twins in Chicago. Using a diagram, X-rays, and a medical model, Dr. Walker offers a general explanation of the procedure and considerations in separating these boys joined at the top of the head. The stronger twin was given the venus sinus, which they shared, and a tantalum plate was used to cover the exposed brain. Both twins were still alive at the close of this program.

Premature babies

Model
Video

Abstract

Dr. Schwentker says that prematurity is generally defined as a birth weight of less than 5.5 pounds; however, immaturity of a baby's organs is more significant than prematurity. A film documents the public procedures in place for rescuing a baby born prematurely at home. Dr. Gordon shows what staff do when a baby is admitted to the premature nursery: suction airways, supply oxygen, transfer to incubators with lesser oxygen concentration, administer moist heat, and monitor for infections. Nurse Abernathy discusses maintaining a constant temperature for the infant and feeding premature babies by polyethylene tube, gavage, or medicine dropper until bottle feeding is possible. A film shows the progress of a premature infant over a few weeks. Dr. Gordon raises the question of the cost justifying the results of caring for premature babies and concludes that both long-term development research and actual evidence, such as his teenage son and other thriving children born as small as two pounds, prove the worth.

Medical science at home & abroad: part one

Model
Video

Abstract

After an introduction by Sir Roger Makins, British ambassador, British TV producer and moderator Andrew Miller Jones discusses the association between Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore and Guy's Hospital in London. A film describes each of these teaching hospitals and how they have been connected through exchange of information, ideas, and faculty since 1946. Two of Johns Hopkins Hospital's recent developments are demonstrated by faculty: Dr. Francis Schwentker's humidified oxygen tent, and Dr. Russell Morgan's televised x-rays. Detlev W. Bronk, president of the Johns Hopkins University delivered an address on Anglo-American cooperation in the many fields of scientific research. Part title from label.

The usefulness of useless knowledge

Model
Video

Abstract

Dr. Abel Wolman describes the purpose of a university as a place to search for truth without interference. When research is in its initial stages, the information generated does not appear to have any useful application. By using case studies, the show demonstrates that basic research can have profound implications. Dr. Wolman provides some examples of how seemingly insignificant research can lead to important discoveries: Josiah Willard Gibbs, professor of theoretical physics; Henry A. Rowland, builder of the engine for ruling diffraction gratings; and Ira Remsen, developer of saccharine. Next, Dr. Francis Schwenkter describes recent medical inventions, instruments, and investigations that revolutionized the world: the circulation of spinal fluid, the properties of folic acid, and the treatment of blue babies, cancer, and rickets.

Feeding the child

Model
Video

Abstract

Feeding children from infancy through early childhood is discussed. Forced feeding at set times is no longer recommended. Instead an infant should be fed when it is hungry. At 1-2 months solid food can be introduced beginning with bland cereals, followed by fruit, vegetables, and then meat. Food should be supplemented with vitamins C and D in the infant diet with orange juice and cod liver oil, or in concentrated forms. For older children, a balanced diet is recommended along with behavioral methods of dealing with meal times.