Unique ID

f0758b53-e9f0-42f2-8ad2-e4e0499fb279

Earth quirks

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Abstract

Lynn Poole briefly explains Copernicus's theory and the difference between revolution and rotation. Malcolm Davies, author of "A Geographic Gadgeteer" and instructor at Baltimore Polytechnic Institute, proves to viewers that the earth rotates and revolves. He starts a pendulum swinging along a line in the studio, like Foucault's 1851 experiment, and returns to it at the end of the program to show that the room has rotated about 3 degrees during the half hour. During the rest of the show, he demonstrates a Trippensee planetarium, explains why water funnels in a counter-clockwise spiral in the northern hemisphere, and describes how a monkey wrench dropped into a mine shaft drifts to the east before landing because of the earth's rotation. He then explains how the earth revolves in orbit around the sun, mentioning Frederich Wilhelm Bessel's 1838 theory of stellar positions based on astronomer James Bradley's observations. Davies also simulates the approach of meteors at difference times of the day to demonstrate the earth's revolution around the sun.

It's a fact

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Lynn Poole opens the program by summarizing a letter from viewers who are members of the Science Club at Monclair State Teachers' College in New Jersey. Baltimore Polytechnic Institute teacher Malcolm Davies proves that perpetual motion does not exist. The device purporting it is actually a Crookes' radiometer that merely demonstrates the facts of radiation. Davies then discusses the navigational issues confronting Columbus and his sailors, such as the differences in distances from the magnetic poles to the actual poles and the strength of the tradewinds. Poole exhibits a copy of "The Story of Maps", written by Peabody librarian Lloyd A. Brown, which mentions an astrolabe, like that used by Columbus. Davies displays an astrolabe and shows how it's used in conjunction with the north star for navigation. He also demonstrates Gunter's quadrant and a marine sextant. The camera views through the sextant eyepiece as Davies makes adjustments, allowing viewers to experience its operation. Finally, using several examples, Davies explains Bernoulli's Principle, which occurs when vehicles at high velocity pass on roads and atmospheric pressure appears to push them together. Lynn Poole concludes the program by announcing that the current "Look" magazine has a preview of the next program, "Troubled People Meet."

Students build a rocket

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Under supervision of physics teacher Malcolm Davies, students from the Rocket Club of the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute demonstrate the thrust of a CO2 cylinder on a student-built dynamometer. They then use the CO2 capsule to propel a rocket on a horizontal wire. Student Julian Palmore compares zinc, sulfur, and a mixture of the two as alternate rocket propellants and explains a diagram of a student-built rocket. Another student explains the laws of uniform acceleration as a rocket rises and falls. Film clips and photos document the actual launch the students' rocket project. Mr. Davies exhibits two related books on the subject: Tomorrow's Air Age by Holmes Alexander and Your Trip in Space by Lynn Poole.

Toys in scienceland

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Abstract

Lynn Poole and Malcolm Davies, a teacher at Baltimore Junior College, show two children, Marsha Southwick and Richard Tillman, how toys demonstrate basic science principles. For example, key wound spring toys with gears store potential energy. An animated cartoon shows the story of Luigi Galvani, who experimented with the "animal electricity" of severed frogs' legs, and Alessandro Volta, who realized animal tissue was unnecessary for conduction of electricity and built the first battery. The children compare draw, swing, arch, and cantilever bridge designs. They also consider the fulcrum/lever principle of the seesaw and an animation of the operation of a windlass. All of the scientific principles are demonstrated by a battery operated toy crane. Mr. Davies demonstrates how "Robert Robot" works using a Bendix cable and how other toys operate with little motors originally built as tiny fans for radios but made obsolete with the invention of transistors.